![]() Stokes scattering happens when there is an energy absorption from the incident light, while anti-stokes scattering happens when the molecule emites energy to the incident light. Rayleigh scattering is elastic scattering where there is no energy exchange between the incident light and the molecule. There are three types of scattered lights: Rayleigh scattering, Stokes scattering, and anti-stokes scattering. Unlike IR, Raman spectroscopy measures the scattered light (Figure 2). Coupling with other techniques, such as Fourier Transform, IR has been highly successful in both organic and inorganic chemistry. IR is an absorption spectroscopy which measures the transmitted light. Two of the most important techniques in studying vibration/rotation information are IR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Study the nature of molecular vibration and rotation is particularly important in structure identification and molecular dynamics. ![]() ![]() The uniqueness to molecules are in analogous to fingerprint identification of people hence the term molecular fingerprint. Generally speaking, vibrational and rotational motions are unique for every molecule.
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